Culture and Psychology Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Culture and Psychology - Assignment Example Despite the fact that the condos of Japanese whores are spotless and all around kept up, yet they have lost a great part of the feeling of dressing in view of emulating European whores. Be that as it may, they may not be very accomplished. Consequently, we can say that prostitution in Japan is an efficient business. German whores, interestingly, might be taught to the point that, Pitu (2011) composes that, â€Å"In Berlin, you may meet a whore with a PhD.† Prostitution became legitimized in Germany in 2002. From that point forward, the business has been developing itself quickly. There are a huge number of enlisted houses of ill-repute in Berlin and different pieces of the nation. Road prostitution is normal, completed under management of pimps. The factor that impacts road prostitution is the monetary unsteadiness of individuals, and particularly ladies, who become whores to satisfy their budgetary necessities. Whores likewise serve to secure medication business. They additionally work at bars, where they bait men into purchasing costly beverages and benefit sexual administrations. We see that in both the nations, the greatest factor that triggers prostitution is the monetary unsteadiness of certain gatherings of individuals, who carry their ladies into prostitution to meet their money related requirements. These nations are additionally notable for their sex exchange or sex dealing, in which ladies are constrained into prostitution and are mishandled explicitly. Since prostitution is lawful, massage parlors place advertisements with government business offices to recruit whores. At the point when insufficient nearby ladies are selected to fill the spots in houses of ill-repute, ladies from different spots are brought through sex dealing to work in the massage parlors. Henceforth, the components that trigger prostitution in these nations are not social, however dependent on money related necessities and business prerequisites. Japanese have been known to be truly adaptable in tolerating outside sexual practices inside their own way of life. Japanese don't show open

A Look Inside a Woman’s World Essay -- Analysis, Kilbourne, Morgan

People are verifiably prepared and wired to pass judgment on others dependent on race, sexual orientation, and appearance. Lamentably, ladies are stuck in all classifications of decisions. Jean Kilbourne, an honor winning maker on narratives about pictures of ladies in promotions, clarifies that when media and commercials misuse womanliness for individual addition, ladies are in danger for much mischief since it advances typification, which in the long run will prompted viciousness. An African American women's activist, Joan Morgan, communicates her further unsettling influence about the steady sexism in rap verses that embraces viciousness and outrage towards ladies. â€Å"’Two Ways a Woman Can Get Hurt’: Advertising and Violence,† by Jean Kilbourne and â€Å"From Fly-Girls to Bitches and Hos,† by Joan Morgan uncovers convincing contentions about the manners in which society frequently depicts females as a substandard sex to guys. Our general public today still dreadfully incapable to see pass the womanliness of a ladies making females perseveres through the experiencing intense sexual orientation jobs to inordinate desires by the curse of our general public, families, and media. Females are ceaselessly externalizes by media in ad to be utilized as an apparatus for improper sexual dream, which lead to savagery towards ladies. Ads much of the time use sex to show demonstrations of intensity and antagonistic vibe toward females all things considered (594). For the notorious Super Bowl Sunday ads, organizations like Pepsi Max and Snickers degrade females in their promotions to engage shoppers. For Pepsi Max business, the scene occurred at a decent eatery where a man and a lovely lady is having a sentimental date, while the lady in the business was thinking about whether her date was the one for her, everything he could consider was his craving to lay down with her until ... ...n? Our general public doesn't appear to see their offense towards ladies, which will at present proceeds because of the inconsiderateness individuals tend forget about their shoulder when confronting the impacts of coldblooded desires for ladies. From sex jobs and desires, females have endures massively all through all ages. There are various difficulties and burdens females need to manage in regular daily existence. Awful decisions, segregation, and externalization towards ladies show that our general public has made a troublesome world for ladies to live in. It is the ideal opportunity for changes, a brake for all ladies to live unreservedly without stressing and languishing. The open perspectives must recognize the battles female suffered and accept the open door to peer inside a woman’s world so as to keep the tormenting of all ladies from media, commercials, families, and society’s decisions.

Juvenile Crime Statistics Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Adolescent Crime Statistics Paper - Essay Example This figure was altogether not exactly the one recorded in earlier years. There was an expansion in adolescent wrongdoings in 2005, 2006, and 2007, which made the law masters dread that the country would observer an extreme wrongdoing wave. The wrongdoing information gathered in 2008 showed that fierce violations had declined and youthful grown-ups were being engaged with basic attacks and medication offenses. As indicated by Puzzanchera, (2009), most adolescents were being captured for commission of wrongdoings, for example, burglary, basic and exasperated attack. Minor wrongdoings that were perpetrated by adolescents during 2008 were property related misdemeanors. Comparable to this, the FBI evaluates inclines in property related misdemeanors by observing offenses, for example, robbery of engine vehicle, theft and thievery. These wrongdoings expanded during 2007-2008. As indicated by Puzzanchera (2009), the quantity of adolescent female who were associated with the commission of wrongdoings expanded in 2008. Law implementers had the option to capture more than 600,000 females who were underneath the age of 18. During this year, females were captured for theft, straightforward attack, burglary and sloppy direct. Additionally, during 2008, progressively female adolescents were captured for commission of robbery while there was a decrease in the quantity of guys submitting burglary. Puzzanchera (2009) demonstrates that minorities were profoundly engaged with the commission of the previously mentioned violations. In all cases where adolescents were captured for the commission of fierce wrongdoings, half of the violations included dark youth, 1% included young people of Asian cause, 47% included white adolescents and 1% included young people of American Indian inception. In the commission of property related misdemeanors, 66% of the captured adolescents were white, while the rest were blacks with a unimportant number of Asian and Indian youth. When all is said in done, young people of dark birthplace where spoken to in all examples of adolescent captures. In 2008,

Ancient Maya Locations, Architecture, Language

Antiquated Maya Locations, Architecture, Language The Maya lived in subtropical Mesomerica in parts of the nations that are currently Guatemala, El Salvador, Belize, Honduras, and the Yucatan promontory region of Mexico. Significant destinations of the Maya are situated at: PalenqueCopanBonampakTikalChichà ©n ItzYakchilanPiedras NegrasCalakmul. When Were the Ancient Maya? The conspicuous culture of the Maya created between 2500 B.C. what's more, A.D. 250. The pinnacle time of Maya human advancement was in the Classic time frame, which started in A.D. 250. The Maya went on for about an additional 700 years before out of nowhere vanishing as a significant power; be that as it may, the Maya didn't cease to exist at that point and havent right up 'til today. What We Mean by the Ancient Maya The antiquated Maya were joined by a common strict framework and language, in spite of the fact that there are really numerous Mayan dialects. While the political framework was likewise shared among the Maya, every chiefdom had its own ruler. Fights among urban communities and defensive unions were visit. Penance and Ball Games Human penance is a piece of numerous societies, including the Maya, and is generally connected with religion in that individuals are relinquished to the divine beings. The Maya creation legend included a penance made by the divine beings that must be re-authorized by people every once in a while. One of the events of human penance was the ball game. It isn't realized how regularly penance of the washout finished the game, yet the game itself was frequently destructive. The Architecture of the Maya The Maya assembled pyramids, similar to the individuals of Mesopotamia and Egypt. Maya pyramids were typically 9-advance pyramids with level tops on which were roosted sanctuaries to the divine beings available by steps. The means related with the 9 layers of the Underworld. Maya made corbeled curves. Their people group had sweat showers, a ball game zone, and a focal stately zone that may have likewise filled in as a market in the urban communities of the Maya. The Maya at the city of Uxmal utilized cement in their structures. Ordinary citizens had homes made of cover and either adobe or sticks. A few occupants had natural product trees. Channels managed an open door for mollusks and fish. The Language of the Maya The Maya communicated in different Maya family dialects some of which were phonetically translated by means of symbolic representations. The Maya painted their words on bark paper that has crumbled yet in addition composed on additionally suffering substances [see epigraphy]. Two vernaculars overwhelm the engravings and are attempted to be the more renowned types of the Maya language. One is from the southern territory of the Maya and the other from the Yucatan promontory. With the approach of the Spanish, the distinction language got Spanish.

This Fall Apart Essays - African Writers Series, Free Essays

This Fall Apart Essays - African Writers Series, Free Essays This Fall Apart Article ON THINGS FALL APART Things self-destruct recounts to an account of an African clan and it's societies. It recounts to the narrative of the life of a man by the name of Okonkwo, by his long lasting companion, Obierika. Okonkwo, a very much regarded individual from his town, wanted to be masculine consistently. He was a dad and a spouse of three wives and endeavored to help his family; he started doing as such at an exceptionally youthful age. By no means would he ever warrant the presumption by any man that he was either powerless or apprehensive. The main dread that he had was that any man consider such him. Okonkwo had a short, rough temper that was promptly activated in light of activities that he regarded to be frail of another. Sadly, pretty much every time that Okonkwo let free his vicious temper in his masculine way, he brought inconvenience upon himself, just as everyone around him. In spite of the fact that profoundly regarded in his town, Okonkwo was ousted and exiled from the town for a long time. This was the consequence of the homicide of a clansman. Despite the fact that the demonstration was really inadvertent during the memorial service of a senior in the town, to murder individual clansmen was not acknowledged. During the service weapons where shot, Okonkwo unintentionally discharged his firearm, executing the child of the dead senior. Since this was done inadvertently he had the option to come back to the town with his family subsequent to being exiled for a long time. During the seven years of his outcast, the Ibo town began to self-destruct. The destruction of the Ibo profoundly was the component that set off the defeat of the Ibo town and it's work. White ministers developed on the town carrying with them their Christian religion and convictions that were entirely unexpected from the Ibo individuals. This was two years after one of their own was murdered in the town. In spite of the fact that the breakdown was essentially brought about by three men, Mr. Earthy colored, Rev. James Smith, and the District Commissioner, it was the aloofness of the town (Umuofia), just as the intensity of the crucial's that prompted the end of the Ibo lifestyle. Unmistakably this reinforced the validity of the new white men and their religion. Futhermore, a significant blow was managed to the Ibo religion. Christianity gave a response to the inquiries' kin had about their otherworldliness: the Ibo religion started to give off an impression of being bogus as a matter of course. The new religion's legitimacy and acknowledgment, combined with the void made by the disintegration of the void made by the disintegration of the Ibo profoundly, left the remaining Ibo devotees over controlled by the Christian proselytes and their new supporters. A last representation of Okonkwo's rash activities driving languishing over himself and everyone around him happens when he quickly murders the head errand person who comes to Umuofia to separate a town meeting. Okonkwo and his kindred locals met up and were intending to slaughter the ministers. The envoy confronted Okonkwo requesting to get by. Ready to talk just two short sentences, Okonkwo angrily killed him; taking his blade and removing his head. This didn't create a war of any kind. The staying three envoys proceeded with their excursion and the residents never assaulted. This carried a definitive enduring to Okonkwo, who hangs himself, just as the languishing over the remainder of the clan, who may not cover him and some of whom are brought to the court where Okonkwo and some others had at one time endured. In closing I would state that Africans in their conventional convictions and morals, are extremely enthusiastic about what I would think about extraordinary, or magical forces. A portion of their convictions I could acknowledge in an otherworldly manner however not as a method of carrying on with my life. The beating of one's better half isn't excused under any conditions, and impacts the network all in all. This is viewed as absolutely unsatisfactory however not on the grounds that it occurred on an inappropriate day but since it's ethically off-base. Exposition ON THINGS FALL APART Things self-destruct recounts to an account of an African clan and it's societies. It recounts to the tale of the life

In pursuit of freedom

In pursuit of freedom For several weeks now, Ive been actively intending to write about FASAP, an advising seminar for MIT freshmen that has not one, not one-and-a-half, but no less than two purposes for existence, both of which are exciting and immensely bloggable. Now that weve sipped through autumn down to the dregs of October, Ive finally decided that today is the momentous day on which I will again not tell you about FASAP. Except, that is, to say that my participation in this program about which Ive told you a lot of nothing whisked me into the Boston theater district yesterday at a time when I would otherwise have been studying or not doing laundry (which I didnt do anyway, so it happened). “Whatever for?” you inquire. “Read the next sentence,” I respond. Thanks to FASAP (which gives its thanks to MIT funding, which gives its thanks to my tuition), I and my fellow FASAPers took a free subway trip into Boston and enjoyed free tickets to a performance of Carl Maria von Webers opera Der Freischv ºtz followed by free dim sum. Freedom is a wonderful thing. Unfortunately, although I was an operatic connoisseur before coming to MIT, I milked little from the phenomenal performance (profound literary self-criticism of the day: keep milk refrigerated and away from figurative writing, except to weird out readers). This was partially because the plot of Der Freischutz is about as easy to follow as the derivation of the Schrodinger equation, not to mention slightly more German. I was awash in sleepiness through the entire three hours of twists and turns and flats and sharps, but I was too busy perishing of thirst to fall asleep, sadly. Actually, to be honest, I fell asleep anyway. The last scene, however, was magnificently staged. A giant blue trash can was brought on stage and filled with portraits of what appeared to be Woodrow Wilson. If that doesnt pique your interest in opera, I give up. As I emerged from the Kendall subway station in a haze of German nationalism, Li 12 mentioned something about roommates that struck a discordant chord (probably a diminished 7th, if youre interested) in the internal piano of my soul. I should confess now that at the time, I was under the impression that my roommate had just moved out on me. Observe the following exchange at 2:45 PM on Saturday afternoon: Roommate: Hey, Im moving out. See you later. Me: Ok, bring a jacket. (4 hours later) Me: I wonder where my roommate and all her clothes are. (2 hours later) Me: Oh, drats. So at 9 PM on Sunday night, I still hadnt seen my roommate since Saturday afternoon and was growing mildly concerned. I mean, how could I blog about life with a roommate unless I had one? (A roommate, that is. Not a life.) Anyway, she came back later that night and I blogged about it in an anticlimactic manner a few days later. End of story. Between the opera performance and the de-mating and re-mating of my room, I erroneously believed that I swallowed my fill of late weekend drama. Of course, at 9:20 PM or so, the MIT freshman class burst into flames of the warring variety, and I was treated to a most excellent meal of cheese and whine*. *Facetious as I sound, I do want to make the point that the entire ordeal in real-time was treated more as entertainment than as serious debate. Although excellent and much-needed arguments were raised in the early stages of the battle, not to mention a few insults of surprising eloquency, the flame war quickly descended into a messy brawl of rickrolling, angry cat pictures, and self-mocking satire as more and more people ignored their problem sets and chimed in. At Random Hall, the third floor lounge was packed with upperclassmen spectators, freshmen like myself watching the entire debacle on our laptops, and a few active combatants who had a swell time scouring the web for annoyances to share with the rest of MIT 12. Make what you will of it, but I felt like it was a true bonding experience. My attention having been thoroughly derailed by the raging flame war, I ended up forgetting to pick up a cover for my phone from a box of free phone covers on the fourth floor. (Segway here . . .) The story of the Random Hall Phone Experiment begins, like most objects worthy of fascination, with the MIT Media Lab. A few months ago, Random Hall was offered the opportunity to (FREE PHONES) contribute to scientific progress (FREE PHONES) by participating in a study in social community dynamics (FREE PHONES) conducted by Professor Alex Pentland and the Human Dynamics group at the Media Lab. Essentially, the willing participants received free phones (FREE PHONES) pre-programmed with software to collect information about their activities and social interactions* over the course of the academic year. In addition, theyre required to periodically fill out surveys about their political leanings, musical tastes, and other personal preferences that could be influenced by other people. The end purpose is to provide data for researchers about how social influence and human behavior within a community (namely, Random Hall) works. Afterwards, the participants get to keep the phones. (*Just to dispel any Big Brother-esque overtones that may have unintentionally appeared in this sentence: the researchers do not actually see the phone numbers or the names of the people whom the participants speak to. Each number is first converted to a hash) Not surprisingly, most of Random Hall jumped aboard the free phone boat, and the project officially became a Big Deal when giant cardboard boxes filled with phones appeared at our door with a complimentary reporter from the New York Times added at no extra cost. To get an accurate mental image of the phone premier, I suggest imagining a roomful of kindergarteners presented with warm, cuddly puppies that happen to be equipped with GPS, qwerty keyboards, a Windows operating system, and wireless WiFi access. Puppies like this one: The phone study is exclusive to Random Hall, which has incited a nonzero amount of envy amongst the residents of other, less awesome dorms. On the other hand (or ear), a whopping number of students here already have phones with MP3, WiFi, and hadron-colliding capabilities, so its not a Big Deal. This is officially the phoniest entry I will ever write, I promise. In other news, the heaters in Random finally proved themselves to be functional yesterday. Unfortunately, our heaters developed an obsession with overachievement and became so functional that I awoke this morning to a skin-blistering 90-degree heat wave that didnt subside until my roommate discovered an innovative method of opening the window. Namely, she opened the window partially instead of all the way. Ingenious! The heaters are turning off again tonight due to maintenance issues, so Im going to compensate by posting some toasty pictures from an Indian dinner (also free) that I shared with my freshman advising group a few weeks ago, back when sunshine pooled into the creases of our t-shirts and lingered in summery shadows of August heat. I give you a cup of increasing entropy and some mango too. Potato samosas, soaking in tamarind chutney. Chickpeas, which taste nothing like chicken. Chicken, which tastes nothing like peas. I ended up with enough leftovers for the rest of the week. It was a glorious week. Kim and Maggie 12 also enjoyed their meal, although less photographically than I. Did I mention that this meal was part of a “class” that counts for six units of academic credit? Just another way that MIT is worth the money. Post Tagged #Random Hall

Saputo Inc. use of balance scorecards - 1375 Words

Saputo Inc. use of balance scorecards (Essay Sample) Content: A report on the use of balance scorecards by Saputo. IncName of AuthorInstitutional AffiliationSaputo Inc. is a daily company situated in Canada. The company has blossomed over the years to be among the top daily companies in the world. This has been achieved through effective management techniques. One of the techniques used by this companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s management is the balance scorecard. The balance scorecard helps management ascertain various areas of interest and those that need more attention. It is through this approach that the company performance is measured.Saputo Inc. performance is measured through four broad perspectives namely; internal, customer, learning and innovation, and financial perspectives. What mainly drives the company is the need to realize its vision and strategy. The two components are very crucial to both the management and the entire company.The company has a designed strategy in each of the above mentioned perspectives. Each perspective t herefore, is discussed as below.Learning and innovationMajor improvements can be realized when the company is steered towards providing a stable environment where change is attributed and recognized throughout the company. There are many firms in the daily market that compete favorably with Saputo Inc. and the only way that the company will see its vision and strategy working is how it will be able to remain competitive in the future through inventing new skills and products (Antos, 2009, p. 134).Saputo Inc. has over the years been innovative in producing high quality products that meet the industry standards. The company has attained from the start a certification allowing them to operate in the market. The most common daily products produced by the company are bakery, ingredients, dairy products, and cheese ("Company Profile - Investors and Media - Saputo," n.d.).In Canada, Saputo Inc. is the leading producer of snacks. For instance, the Mozzarela, dairy plus, La Sauvagine, and tr easure cave all make the list of dairy products produced by the company. Under the ingredients section, the company has a well in built technological system where they can maximize the available raw materials and ingredients. The processing of milk is done into dairy ingredients and by-products (Suntook Murphy, 2008, p. 120).The above ingredients are then used in agriculture, industries, and as food. Saputo Inc. understands its clients well and thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s why they specialize on the customer technical details. For example, the company produces products in whey protein isolate, concentrate, milk powder, lactose, and dairy blends.This innovation and learning process in the company is what is driving performance. The skills attained and retention of company position in the competitive market should be keenly followed to the latter not to forget the strategy to innovate new technological ideas and products.Internal processesSaputo Inc. has a wide variety customer base within a lar ger region. The company, therefore, has been ranked among the leading cheese producers in the United States. Saputo Inc. has grown to offering its customers their products in more than forty countries. The company has a well known brand name all over the countries.The company also recognizes its employeesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ fairy and they believe motivation is the key to driving performance at the work force ("Company Profile - Investors and Media - Saputo," n.d.). Saputo Inc. is the main contributor and sponsor to defined contribution plans.Below is a detailed schedule of the entire company profile in detail starting from the employees. The table also shows how well the company is related to other countries where its products are hugely sold and in demand.NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES 12,700 Number of plants 55 Canada Sector   ÂDairy Division 24   ÂBakery Division 1 USA Sector    ÂCheese Division 16   ÂDairy Foods Division 10 Internationa l Sector    ÂDairy Division (Argentina) 2   ÂDairy Division (Australia) 2   ÂDairy Ingredients Table 1The company also has a well driven business practice of being the leader in keeping the environment a safe place to stay. Saputo Inc. environmental sustainability is achieved through continuous advancements. The Saputo team is always on toes to collecting information that will help the management make decisive decisions based on safeguarding the environment.Technologically, the company emits its gases through their carbon disclosure project. This is the reason as to why there has been a major improvement in the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s performance on environmental terms (Antos, 2009, p. 45). It should be noted that, without the improvements the company would not deliver anything to its customers. This improvement is the key reason why Saputo Inc has continued to participate in the EnergyStar Challenge.Another business process that Saputo I nc. has over the years been steered towards is through social responsibility. The company has given back to the community through supporting them, by offering encouragement, and giving them information. Saputo Inc. invests exactly one percent of its before tax profits to the communities (Meyer, 2002, p. 56). One percent, therefore, means that the contributions from employees, donations from products, and financial contributions within the company will be put together to help the community achieve their dream.CustomerHaving a wide range of customers within forty plus countries is hard to handle but with proper management and attainment of the company vision and strategy, nothing will be impossible. At Saputo Inc. a customer comes first before everything. Customers are deemed to be the people who have made the company who they are. Saputo Inc. could not have had the success it has today were it not for the customers demand for their products (Suntook Murphy, 2008, p. 68).The strateg y is for the company to identify well who their customers are and how they are going to retain them. The more satisfaction the customers have, the more profits and performance for the company.Many customers at Saputo Inc. recognize the effectiveness of the company products. For instance, more customers have increased globally due to the satisfaction they receive from the company products. There are many aspects that the company gauges itself in this category. This could be the quality of products they produce, they can do inspection, and services after sales ("Company Profile - Investors and Media - Saputo," n.d.).Saputo Inc. has received a wide coverage of customers and recognition beyond its borders. This is a clear sign of productivity. Having a look at the company sales, there is an enormous increase in the overall sales made for the year.Management should be on its toes to carry more inspection to ascertain other areas of improvement to retain and bring more customers on board. Many Saputo Inc. customers do recognize the value of the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s products and services (Hannabarger, Buchman, Economy, 2007, p. 24).FinancialThe financial perspective of Saputo Inc. is built on the traditional means. That is, the calculation of the earnings per share ratio and that of profitability return on investment is done. The main goal here is to ascertain whether Saputo Inc. has improved its financial performance.Earnings per share ratioThe net earnings are amounting to 739,355MThe shares outstanding awaiting to be distributed to shareholders are 533, 966MTherefore,EPS=Net earnings/shares outstanding(739355/533966)= 1.3846The EPS ratio is 1.3846, meaning the company is performing well in terms of productivity. The ratio exceeds one.When the EPS ratio is positive, the Profitability ROI is also significantly positive.RecommendationsSaputo Inc. has adopted the balance scorecard as a measure to focus where they are headed to. Financial forecast and success of the co mpany has been achieved through the above method. It should be noted that proper implementation of the balanced scorecard should be put in place by every organization that wants to achieve productive performance.However, the management of an organization should first study the method with an objective of fully understanding it. The management should learn how the strategy will affect the adoption, performance, financial, and non-financial issues in the company and how well to counter them.Moreover, the use of the scorecard system is related closely with the size of the company. For instance, communication within a small company is difficult as pertains to large companies. Big companies who implement the system have an added advantage of handling the issue amicably. This is the case with Saputo Inc. where communication is effective. Therefore, the balanced scorecard system is highly recommended.ReferencesAntos,ÂJ. (2009).ÂBalanced scorecard. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Pu blishers.Company Profile - Investors and Media - Saputo. (n.d.). Retrieved from /investors-and-medias/company-profile/default.aspx?id=818langtype=4105Hannabarger,ÂC., Buchman,ÂR., Economy,ÂP. (2007).ÂBalanced scorecard strategy for dummies. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.Meyer,ÂM.ÂW. (2002).ÂRethinking performance measurement: Beyond the balanced scorecard. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Suntook,ÂF., Murphy,ÂJ.ÂA. (2008).ÂThe stakeholder balance sheet: Profiting from really understandi...

Christopher Columbus American History - 2223 Words

Petros Koumis Bruce T. Delfin American History I 1/18/2015 Christopher Columbus There are many explorers who have influence history, however, there are few who have a major role on the establishment of certain countries. Christopher Columbus is one who changed the perception of the American continents for the European countries. Through his four significant voyages he not only discovered new landmasses, but he also initiated Spanish colonization and he had a major role on the establishment of new societies. However, his work was not easy to accomplish. Christopher Columbus faced a lot of struggle to get the support of the Spanish and Portuguese governments, which were great empires at the time. When he finally succeeded in getting a grant, which funded his travel, he began his travel to discover Asia for its spices and condiments. However, he ended up discovering America. Even though he was not the first to discover America, Christopher Columbus was the one who open the gateway between Europe and America and paved the way for the exploration and conquest of America by the Europeans (Christopher Columbus Biography 1). A strained relationship with the Spanish crown, worked to his disadvantage and he was divested of the Governorship of the island of Hispaniola, which he discovered himself. Christopher’s Columbus life was a historical journey, which reflected his adventurous and righteous personality, and earned him a permanent place in the annals of explorations (ChristopherShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book Christopher Columbus 1126 Words   |  5 PagesBailey Gilmore Mr. Boone World History Period 7 2015 November 4 Christopher Columbus Explorer. Navigator. Colonizer. History concerning him is not and never will be complete. There are a lot of controversial stories concerning about and his history. 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He first come ashore in the Bahamas later making his way to Cuba and the island of Hispaniola (nowRead MoreChristopher Columbus : A False Narrative For Americans1282 Words   |  6 Pagesacross the United States, students learn that Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue in 1492 and â€Å"discovered† North America. This common misconception creates a false narrative for Americans learning about Christopher Columbus’ legacy - and indeed about the country’s early post-European history. When Christopher Columbus came ashore, North America was already inhabited by hundreds of thousands of native peoples so the concept of Christopher Colum bus somehow â€Å"discovering† what is now the UnitedRead MoreEssay On Columbus Day1399 Words   |  6 PagesIn every school in the United States, teachers would teach students about Columbus and his journey to the Americas and how his discovery would eventually lead to the beginning of the colonization of the Americas. Every student knows who Columbus is: an explorer from Spain who set sailed to the Americas in 1492 with his ship: The Nina, The Pinta, and the Santa Maria. However, there is more than meets the eye. Christopher Columbus’s achievements have created a â€Å"mindset† in which many people will followRead MoreThe Truth about Christopher Columbus983 Words   |  4 Pagesknows the saying Columbus sailed the ocean blue in 1492. However, there is a lot more to Christopher Columbus than what everyone was taught in elementary school through high school. Columbus is thought to be a hero, but just being classified as a hero is a fallacy. Several works in cluding Christopher Columbus and the Enterprise of the Indies and The Lies my Teacher Told Me have been published about the real Christopher Columbus and his legacy. The story of Christopher Columbus begins in the cityRead MoreChristopher Columbus Racism941 Words   |  4 Pagesto racism in history there is a variety of innocent nations and races that unfortunately had to go through many inhuman and disturbing situations. The surfing of these nations and races were uncalled for and just brought pain and sorrow too these nations. Although there is a verity of nations and races that had to go through this depressing and difficult time one nation stands out from the rest. The one nation that stands out from the rest are the Native Americans. The Native Americans stand out fromRead MoreChristopher Colombus1074 Words   |  5 PagesAs the great explorers Christopher Columbus and James Cook were recognized and honored in having great explorations in the world history. They encountered some Natives of countries in their individual explorations and in this essay I will compare and contrast the Columbus’s and Cook’s views of the natives t hey encountered. Christopher Columbus discovered native people from North America and Captain James Cook discovered them from Hawaii. They both kept journals of their experiences so now we are

Illegal Immigrants, Health Care, And Social Responsibility

Marsida Barjamaj Prof: L, Niizawa PHL 209 Illegal Immigrants, Health Care, and Social Responsibility Immigration has been and is one big problem that is widespread these days. Immigration means to move from one country to another for the purpose of one better life, better job, better health etc. The other problem that comes with immigration is the illegal immigration that in these days is growing up so fast. Illegal immigration is a problem that affects all the developed countries like America. An illegal immigrant is defined as a person who migrates to another country without the permanent residence, or any documents that allowed him to stay in this country. This case brings many problems including over population, rising crime rates and unemployment. Above all, we are human beings and as human beings we have rights, regardless of our origin, social position, gender, or believes. Illegal immigration is mostly observed between the people of a poor country. The outcome of illegal immigration is jail, deportation and even fine. In this paper I aim to discuss the paper of the James Dwyer â€Å"Illegal Immigrants, Health Care, and Social Responsibility† and the main points of this paper. James Dwyer is a professor of Bioethics and Humanities at the Upstate Medical University. His essay argues that the issue of health care for undocumented immigrants is inappropriately conceptualized in the public and scholarly debates. Nationalists argue that illegal immigrants have noShow MoreRelatedThe Economic Impact Of Illegal Immigration902 Words   |  4 PagesThe economic impact of illegal immigrants in Texas has brought concerns for the state s economy. Such as opportunities, health care, and education. Illegal immigrants contribute both positively and negatively to the Texas economy. They contribute positively by paying for taxes such as sales taxes, health taxes and taxes imposed on items. The negative impacts these immigrants have on the Texas economy seems to overweigh these positive impacts. Their presenc e has made general wages go down for unqualifiedRead MoreIllegal Immigrants Should Receive Health Care Essay1313 Words   |  6 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  America needs comprehensive health care reform, and immigrants should be a part of the movement.  Ã‚  But many American citizens might ask that pertinent question: why should they cover the expense for illegal immigrants to access health care?  Ã‚  The answer is plain and simple: until congress passes immigration laws that work, people are going to migrant here illegally.  Ã‚  And to deny migrants access to affordable health care, Americans are not only denying them their human right, they areRead Morewhat is health1228 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Introduction Health is important to each and every one of us. Everyone needs to be healthy and not only physically but also mentally and psychologically. The health of any given individuals will determine how he or she functions. The purpose of this writing is to inform people on the importance of their health. As it is usually said, â€Å"health is wealth, â€Å"so each and everyone has the right and responsibility to a healthy life style. However, to have a healthy life and remain willRead MoreEffects of Illegal Immigrants in Malaysia782 Words   |  4 PagesEffects Of Illegal Immigrants In Malaysia Illegal immigrants are people who migrate across national borders without complying with legal requirements. In â€Å"Illegal immigrants in Malaysia,† (2012), it has been found that in Malaysia, they comprise a portion of the country population, numbering as many as two millions by some estimates. Most of them are from nearby Southeast Asian countries such as Indonesia and Philippines. Hopkins (n.d.) acknowledged that 50 percent of illegal immigrants are peopleRead More Is The Statue of Liberty a Lie? Essay1716 Words   |  7 PagesAmericans often ponder whether immigration is a benefit to society, legislators have recently enacted many anti-immigration laws which have been enforced to keep control over illegal immigration. Many different positions exist concerning illegal immigration in the United States. Advocates for Proposition 187 would suggest that illegal immigration is greatly increasing the population of the country, crowding schools, and denying many basic rights to citizens. Opponents indicate that immigration laws areRead MoreIn The Late 1800S, People In Many Parts Of The World Decided1548 Words   |  7 Pagespersonal freedom or relief from political and religious persecution. With hope for a brighter future, nearly 12 million immigrants arrived in the United States between 1870 and 1900. During the 1870s and 1880s, the vast majority of these people were from Germany, Ireland, and England--the principal sources of immigration before the Civil War.There are always very strict immigrant policies to which individuals should adhere, but these policies are often bent every now and then to suit the interestsRead MoreIllegal Immigrants Help Out?1442 Words   |  6 PagesIllegal Immigrants help out â€Å"The United States has been built primarily by immigrants, most seeking a better life for themselves and their families though some type of industrious behavior† (Sanders 58). When many people think of illegal immigrants, they think of those people that are only here to steal Americans’ jobs. They do not think about the struggle that illegal immigrants go through to get to this country and stay in the country as well. Being illegal in this country closes many doors, butRead MoreHealthcare Of Current Undocumented Refugees And Immigrants Of The Early Twentieth Century1410 Words   |  6 PagesUndocumented Refugees and Immigrants of the Early Twentieth Century Immigration has remained a long-standing, controversial topic in this country with strong public opinions as well as many political disputes over this issue. Laws have been created over time, which support immigration and refugee resettlement, however, these laws have been met with much resistance throughout history. According to the Department of Homeland Security (2012), the number of illegal immigrants and undocumented refugeesRead MoreSocial Determinants Of Health Disparities1354 Words   |  6 PagesSocial determinants of health inequity reflect deeper social divisions, which generate multiple risks that are reproduced over time. Hierarchies of power must be critiqued through the lenses of class and race to make tangible the seemingly abstract connections between social and economic determinants and distribution of health inequity. Racism finds refuge in various forms of material exploitation; narrow interventions that fail to address the root causes that undermine the health a nd well-beingRead MoreIllegal Immigrants and Health Care1936 Words   |  8 PagesDanson Ndungu Illegal Immigration and Health Care Phil 165 December 7th 2010 Christopher Columbus landed on the shores of America back 500 years ago in the year 1492. Were he and his crew the first illegal immigrants in America? The land was occupied by another group of people that didn’t grant these explorers the right to have whatever they please without acquiring some kind of legal status. The topic of legal status might have been irrelevant back in those days but it surely is an issue that is

Guidelines for Revising a Composition

Revision  means  looking again  at what we have written to see how we can improve it. Some of us start revising as soon as we begin a rough  draft--restructuring and rearranging sentences as we work out our ideas. Then we return to the draft, perhaps several times, to make further revisions. Revision as Opportunity Revising is an opportunity to reconsider our topic, our readers, even our purpose for writing. Taking the time to rethink our approach may encourage us to make major changes in the content and structure of our work. As a general rule, the best time to revise is not right after youve completed a draft (although at times this is unavoidable). Instead, wait a few hours--even a day or two, if possible--in order to gain some distance from your work. This way youll be less protective of your writing and better prepared to make changes.   One last bit of advice: read your work aloud when you revise. You may hear problems in your writing that you cant see. Never think that what youve written cant be improved. You should always try to make the sentence that much better and make a scene that much clearer. Go over and over the words and reshape them as many times as is needed.(Tracy Chevalier, Why I Write. The Guardian, Nov. 24, 2006) Revision Checklist Does the essay have a clear and concise main idea? Is this idea made clear to the reader in a thesis statement early in the essay (usually in the introduction)?Does the essay have a specific purpose (such as to inform, entertain, evaluate, or persuade)? Have you made this purpose clear to the reader?Does the introduction create interest in the topic and make your audience want to read on?Is there a clear plan and sense of organization to the essay? Does each paragraph develop logically from the previous one?Is each paragraph clearly related to the main idea of the essay? Is there enough information in the essay to support the main idea?Is the main point of each paragraph clear? Is each point adequately and clearly defined in a topic sentence and supported with specific details?Are there clear transitions from one paragraph to the next? Have key words and ideas been given proper emphasis in the sentences and paragraphs?Are the sentences clear and direct? Can they be understood on the first reading? Are the sentences varied in length and structure? Could any sentences be improved by combining or restructuring them?Are the words in the essay clear and precise? Does the essay maintain a consistent tone?Does the essay have an effective conclusion--one that emphasizes the main idea and provides a sense of completeness? Once you have finished revising your essay, you can turn your attention to the finer details of editing and proofreading your work.

Marx and Engels on Capitalism Opponents or Proponents

Marx and Engels on Capitalism: Opponents or Proponents? Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels have historically been considered to be two of the more outgoing opponents of capitalism; however, a closer reading of some of their works, particularly The Communist Manifesto, reveals a different circumstance. David Miller, a modern scholar who addresses Marx’s position on capitalism, stakes the claim that â€Å"[The Communist Manisfesto], somewhat oddly, it may seem, for a revolutionary tract, celebrates capitalism as much as it condemns it† (Miller, â€Å"Marx, Communism, and Markets,† 189). In his work entitled â€Å"Marx and Schumpeter on Capitalisms Creative Destruction: A Comparative Restatement,† John Elliott establishes that Marx’s stance on capitalism has been traditionally misinterpreted, and he sees more value in capitalism than most realize. Within the Manifesto, Marx and Engels identify a good number of capitalism’s positive contributions, specifically citing the large strides capitalism catalyzed in society’s economic and intellectual development. In this sense they were very complimentary of capitalism; however, they ultimately valued capitalism as a means to the eventual creation of a communist society, regardless of the positive contributions brought forth by capitalism. Marx and Engels point to the progress ushered in by capitalist economies as the most significant development in human history. In The Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels claim that the bourgeoisie’sShow MoreRelatedSocial Justice2427 Words   |  10 PagesJustice) These debates are exacerbated by the fact that most natural resources are held by industrialized nations in the Northern Hemisphere, while developing countries of the Third World are lacking. Karl Marx thought along this line as well. In the opening chapter of the communist manifesto Marx says, â€Å"The history of all hitherto existing societies is the history of class struggles. Freeman and slave, patrician and plebeian, lord and serf, guild-master and journeyman, in a word, oppressor and oppressedRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesimmigrants who at one point in time or another would be better-off and more productive at home or in some other destination, but who remain where they are for fear of not being able to return. This is a different form of legally imposed immobility. Proponents of modern immigration and border controls often depict it as an indivisible aspect of national sovereignty. In fact, it has its roots only in the late nineteenth century. Free mobility was often considered the hallmark of the modern nation inRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagespublic management Diffusion within organizations: the infiltration of the rank and file Organizational democracy and a case against managerialism The economic efficiency case for organizational democracy: a challenge to managerialism? Destabilized capitalism Employee alienation as the key problem Conclusions 387 392 395 399 401 404 405 408 412 413 414 416 421 Chapter 10 Perspectives and challenges Introduction Comparing the different perspectives A modernist perspective A neomodernist perspectiveRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagesframing of research enriches both practitioners’ and academics’ comprehension of management accounting and its variegated realizations. 3.4 Radical frame A radical frame encompasses a number of loosely related theories, drawing on the writings of Marx (see Atkinson 1972; Keat and Urry 1982), the Frankfurt school (see Habermas 1968, 1976), and those working within the labour process paradigm (see Braverman 1974). Research conducted under this banner is united by, and distinguished from, other reframings

The Role of Forensic Accountants in Corporate Governance Free Essays

FORENSIC ACCOUNTING FRAUD INVESTIGATION ASSESSMENT TASKS 1 THE ROLE OF FORENSIC ACCOUNTANTS IN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Corporate governance is defined as the formal mechanism of direction, supervision and control put in place within a company in order to monitor the decisions and actions of its senior managers and ensure these are compatible and consistent with the specific interest of shareholders and the various other interests of shareholders who contribute to the operations of the company. Forensic Accountants are experienced  investigators  of  legal  and  financial documents  that are hired to look into possible suspicions of  fraudulent  activity within a company; or are hired by a company who may just want to prevent fraudulent activities from occurring. They also provide services in areas such as accounting,  antitrust, damages, analysis, valuation, and general consulting. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Forensic Accountants in Corporate Governance or any similar topic only for you Order Now Forensic accountants have also been used in  divorces,  bankruptcy, insurance claims,  personal injury  claims, fraudulent claims, construction,  royalty  audits, and tracking terrorism by investigating financial records. Forensic Accountant should have the following skills and knowledge to serve as an effective Forensic Accountant. 1. Ability to identify frauds with minimal initial information The Forensic Accountant needs to be able to identify the possible scheme, the possible manner it was perpetrated and potentially effective procedures to prove or disprove the potential fraud. 2. Interviewing The Forensic Accountant get involved in interviewing in the course of seeking evidence and information. Forensic Accountant must be a way that the process ensures the evidence is admissible in a court of law. . Mind – set A successful Forensic Accountant has a certain mind-set that includes several abilities. He or she is able to think like a crook. 4. Knowledge of evidence It is imperative that Forensic Accountant understand the rule of evidence in court and how to conduct the investigation from the beginning as if all evidence will make it to a court of law. 5. Presentation of findings The Forensic Accountant must have the ability to clearly communicate the findings resulting from the investigation in way understandable to the layperson. Forensic accountants think creatively to consider and understand the tactics that a fraud perpetrator may use to commit and conceal fraudulent acts. Additionally, they need to clearly and concisely communicate findings to various parties, including those with less knowledge of accounting and auditing. Forensic accountants that are not part of the organization or company. They are hired in order to investigate the internal and  external performance  of the company, connected with the  accounting process. They provide independent opinion. Role of Forensic accountants Forensic accountant can play their vital role to improve corporate governance in a company. Forensic Accountants assists in addressing   allegations ranging from kickbacks and wrongful dismissals to internal situations involving allegations of management or employee wrongdoing. * With a strong background knowledge of the legal and institutional requirements of corporate governance, a forensic accountant can help to formulate and establish a comprehensive governance policy that: * ensures an appropriate mix of management and independent directors on the board. sets out the appropriate responsibilities of the board and the audit committees. * has a fair allocation of power between owners, management, and the board. * ensures there is a company â€Å"code of ethics† for employees and management * A Forensic Accountant helps the accounting professionals to have a efficient control system and a accounting system that ensures the proper recording, classification and reporting of a ll relevant transactions. * Forensic accountant can monitor not only compliance at the top levels of the corporate power, but also management procedures and employee activity. Information gathered as a result of the monitoring can be used to readjust and reformulate governance, ethics, and control policies. * Forensic accountants can ensure that corporate governance policies are formulated to avoid high-risk environments where management is apathetic, pay is inadequate or too high, there is a serious lack of proper training and compliance, or there are unreasonable profit and budget goals. It is also necessary to have well-defined hiring policies that result in honest, well-qualified employees. A forensic accountant can ensure the integrity of financial statements by actively investigating for fraud, identifying areas of risk and associated fraud symptoms, pursuing each anomaly aggressively, and delving into the finest details of accounting and financial anomalies * Forensic Accountants can help in creating policies that clearly state the company’s intent to take strict action against any criminal activities, and that such action will apply to all l evels of employee, without any exception. At times, a Forensic Accountant can meet with those persons affected by the allegations, rumors, or inquiries. They may view the accountant as an independent and objective party and thus be more willing to engage in discussions. Forensic Accountants can be hired in order to review and strengthen  internal controls, in order to determine if any assets are missing, or to discover if tax laws or accounting rules have been applied correctly to company transactions. They are hired in order to determine if embezzlement has occurred or, if so, how much is missing and how it was done. Conclusion Forensic accountants are currently in great demand, with the public need for honesty, fairness and transparency in reporting increasing exponentially. These forensic accountants need accounting, finance, law, investigative and research skills to identify, interpret, communicate and prevent fraud. As more and more companies look for forensic accountants and professional organizations offer certifications in the area, it is becoming evident that the forensic accountant has a skill set that is very different from an auditor or a financial accountant. The role of the forensic accountant has expanded significantly during the last several years for many reasons, including the requirement for greater scrutiny on corporate governance brought about by the Sarbanes-Oxley legislation and the widespread recognition of the risks and prevalence of financial fraud in today’s business environment. As a result, forensic Accountants are usually retained to support special investigations related to a broad range of subjects. This can include the financial impact of marketplace events, such as intellectual property infringement and anti-trust actions, financial reporting fraud, asset impairment and business valuation. REFERENCE Crumbley, D. Larry (2009). Journal of Forensic Accounting, www. rtedwards. com. journals/JFA/evidentiary. html, January 9. Golden, T, Skalak, S Clayton, M 2006, A Guide to Forensic Accounting Investigation, John Wiley and Sons Latshaw, C. A. , â€Å"Fraudulent Financial Reporting: The Government and Accounting Profession React,† Review of Business, Spring 2005, pp. 13-15. Silverstone, H. and Sheetz, M. , â€Å"Forensic Accounting and Fraud Investigation for Non-Experts,† Wiley Sons, Inc. , 2008. Turnbull, N. (2005) Internal Control – Revised Guidance for Directors on the Combined Code. FRC, London. How to cite The Role of Forensic Accountants in Corporate Governance, Essay examples

Habitus and Space of Life Styles †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Habitus and Space of Life Styles. Answer: Introduction It is seen that the social classes of the individuals have a long-lasting impact on the life experiences and future career related planning of the individuals. This is because, people from lower or middle class background do not have the access to various resources, and their exposure is minimum that restrains their preferences and thought process. On the other hand people hailing from higher social background get more exposure and have access to various resources. It can be said that people hailing from lower or middle class background does not have the opportunity to do so. A meta-analytical research can prove the effects of prophecies that are self-fulfilling in schools. the instructional planning performed by the parents or the teachers are intellectually oriented and that potentially help the individuals to take decisions in later phases of their lives and effectively channelize their thought process to take up or choose a profession in future. According to Pierre Bourdieu, it c an be said that what the individuals in the face in daily life practices, that eventually becomes their habit and that helps immensely to the career building of that person. References Bourdieu, P., 2018. Structures, habitus, practices. InRethinking the Subject(pp. 31-45). Routledge. Bourdieu, P., 2014. The habitus and the space of life-styles.The people, place, and space reader,139.

The collapse of the twin towers

The debate concerning the collapse of the twin towers (The World Trade Center) in the United States of America, has raged on from the advent of the attacks by terrorists. There has been a lot of speculation concerning the collapse, and several experts have carried out, and are continuing with investigations on the actual cause of the collapse of the towers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The collapse of the twin towers specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is because they need to understand what happened in a bid to counter any future attacks on gargantuan buildings. Most reports have so far indicated that the main cause of the collapse of the buildings, were the fires that erupted following the explosion, upon impact of the airplanes. This seems to be the consensus among most of the experts as they strive to offer a logical explanation as to why the buildings collapsed. The reports indicated that it took quite some time for the buildings to crumble (Griffin 113). According to expert opinion, the jet fuel that was on board the aircrafts fueled the fires that started upon the collision. It is common knowledge that jet fuel burns at extreme temperatures. It is highly flammable and this, together with office furniture and other bits and pieces like carpets and stationery in the building, lit up flames that were estimated to reach temperatures of 2000 ° Fahrenheit. These temperatures were so high that they able to soften the metal frames that had been used to set up the columns that held the building together. The trusses were also a main part of the core of the building, in that they held the columns together. Upon impact, the flames erupted weakening the entire structure although the building actually withstood the initial impact. Another aspect that was also brought forth was the fact that the steel that had been used had been fireproofed with fire resistant foam of the highest quality. U pon impact, the debris and shock loosened and blew away the protective fireproof foam from the steel columns. This left the steel exposed to the flames, which weakened them to the point where they could no longer sustain the weight of the building. The subsequent result was the collapse of the building after the trusses together with the columns gave in to the weight due to the weakening of the steel columns. The fact that the buildings stood for almost one hour in an upright position enabling many people make a clean get away ought to be considered when making observations regarding the fall of the twin towers. This is because there have been some arguments from various quarters that have stated that the quality of the workmanship was wanting and quite questionable. There has been speculation that there was plenty of cutting corners in a bid to make great savings at the expense of people’s lives.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These arguments hold no water since the design of the building was hardly compromised, and it was only an act such as the one that took place, which could have caused such damage. Conversely, there are also indications that such an impact had been put into consideration at the time of construction. However, it is prudent to note that the biggest plane at the time the building was being constructed was the Boeing 707, while the ones used to crash into the buildings were the much larger Boeing 767 models. Works Cited Griffin, David. Mysterious Collapse of World Trade Center 7: Why the Final Official  Report about 9/11 Is Unscientific and False, Northampton, Massachusetts: Interlink Books, 2009. Print. This essay on The collapse of the twin towers was written and submitted by user Gracie Gates to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

q essays

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A Quick Introduction to Homeschooling

A Quick Introduction to Homeschooling Homeschooling is a type of education where children learn outside of a school setting under the supervision of their parents. The family determines what is to be learned and how it is to be taught while following whatever government regulations apply in that state or country. Today, homeschooling is a widely accepted educational alternative to traditional public or private schools, as well as a valuable method of learning in its own right. Homeschooling in America The roots of todays homeschooling movement go way back in American history. Up until the first compulsory education laws about 150 years ago, most children were taught at home. Wealthier families hired private tutors. Parents also taught their own children using books like the McGuffey Reader  or sent their children to a dame school where small groups of children were taught be a neighbor in exchange for chores. Famous homeschoolers from history include President John Adams, author Louisa May Alcott, and inventor Thomas Edison. Today, homeschooling parents have a wide range of curriculum, distance learning programs, and other educational resources to choose from. The movement also includes child-directed learning or unschooling, the philosophy made popular starting in the 1960s by education expert  John Holt. Who Homeschools and Why Its believed that between one to two percent of all school-age children are homeschooled -   although the statistics that exist on homeschooling in the United States are notoriously unreliable. Some of the reasons parents give for homeschooling include concern about safety, religious preference, and educational benefits. For many families, homeschooling is also a reflection of the importance they place on being together and a way to offset some of the pressures - in and out of school - to consume, acquire, and conform. In addition, families homeschool: to fit into parents work schedulesto travelto accommodate special needs and learning disabilitiesto provide gifted kids with more challenging material or allow them to work at a faster pace. Homeschooling Requirements in the U.S. Homeschooling comes under the authority of individual states, and each state has different requirements. In some parts of the country, all parents need to do is notify the school district that they are educating their children themselves. Other states require parents to submit lesson plans for approval, send in regular reports, prepare a portfolio for the district or peer review, allow home visits by district employees and have their children take standardized tests. Most states allow any competent parent or adult to homeschool a child, but a few demand a  teaching certification. For new homeschoolers, the important thing to know is that regardless of the local requirements, families have been able to work within them to achieve their own goals. Educational Styles One of homeschoolings advantages is that it is adaptable to many styles of teaching and learning. Some of the important ways in which homeschooling methods differ include: How much structure is preferred. There are homeschoolers who set up their environment like a classroom, right down to separate desks, textbooks, and a blackboard. Other families rarely or never do formal lessons, but dive into research materials, community resources and opportunities for hands-on exploration whenever a new topic catches someones interest. In between are homeschoolers who place varying amounts of importance on daily sit-down desk work, grades, tests, and covering topics in a particular order or time frame.What materials are used. Homeschoolers have the option to use an all-in-one curriculum, buy individual texts and workbooks from one or more publishers, or use picture books, nonfiction, and reference volumes instead. Most families also supplement whatever they use with alternative resources such as novels, videos, music, theater, art, and more.How much teaching is done by the parent. Parents can and do take on all the responsibility for teaching themselves. But other s choose to share teaching duties with other homeschooling families or pass it along to other educators. These can include distance learning (whether by mail, phone, or online), tutors and tutoring centers, as well as all the enrichment activities available to all children in the community, from sports teams to arts centers. Some private schools have also begun opening up their doors to part-time students. What About Public School at Home? Technically, homeschooling does not include the ever-increasing variations of public schooling that take place outside of school buildings. These can include online charter schools, independent study programs, and part-time or blended schools. To the parent and child at home, these may feel very similar to homeschooling. The difference is that public-school-at-home students are still under the authority of the school district, which determines what they must learn and when. Some homeschoolers feel these programs are missing the main ingredient that makes education at home work for them the freedom to change things as needed. Others find them a helpful way to allow their children to learn at home while still meeting the requirements of the school system. More Homeschooling Basics Homeschooling FAQWhat Homeschooling Really Looks Like5 Quick-Start Tips10 Positive Reasons to Homeschool

Analyze two pictures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analyze two pictures - Essay Example In this image, Nauman uses the literal depicting of linguistic performativity method in order to achieve layers of potential meaning to the viewer. Notions of identity and body, the role played by language, artistic process and the phenomena of spatial awareness and participation of the viewer can be said to be the most recurring themes in the Nauman’s artwork. Comparing the time this photograph was taken and when the â€Å"Self Portrait† by Albrecht Durer, 1500 was painted, it can be seen as a daring art since it is colored and digital, and that time they were considered to be artless and perfunctory in nature. It brings out the notion that the artist of the image was engaging insolently with the limits of discourse and art practice (Danto 149). In comparison with the oil painting, the photography can be identified to represent non-art functions even though it denies the autonomy and authorship of art. With the image acknowledging the representation of language through letters in art and manipulating power of the language, Nauman brings the notion that language in photography can function as a tool for guiding people in the society. Of course, language, images are inseparable from language as representation and can be invaluable source material in any artist’s future works that the pivot of the language instability by use of documentation through the camera. Therefore, this kind of Nouman’s art, transformed the world of art by bringing an installation or digital art. In the Eating my words photography, the tacitly mute Nauman derides the notion that, the image depicts self-expression in the context of art as well as to the public or viewer (Morgan 152). In the photography, language and the way it relates to the visual content of the photograph are seen as the central actors directed cleverly by Nauman. Following an innovative, rigorous approach, Nauman explores vario us means of expression and is considered

N Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

N - Assignment Example For instance the employees offer labor in order to have a good pay, good work conditions, and security. Through their labour, the organization operates to meet its financial and operational objectives (Post, 2002). Shareholders or business owners contribute their investments to the organization even as creditors offer financial or non-financial support in case the organization experiences a shortfall in resoures. This way, investors and creditors ensure that the organization has the resources neessary for its successful operation. Managers and directors contribute to the organization by overseeing its activities and performance and in formulating policies and strategies asnoted by Edward and Reed (2005). Suppliers provide the organization with the resources such as raw materials that it needs to produce its products. Without certain supplies, in spite of the organization rich endowment, no production can be effected. Yet again, without customers, the organization’s activities would be in vain. Customers pay for the goods and services that the company produces thereby contributing to the profitability of the organization. The government and trade unions somehow regulate the activities of the organization. While they may contribute to the organization’s operational and financial success, the two may also negatively impact on its profitability as a result of suh factors as taxes and higher pay demands (Post, 2002). In conclusion, achievement of the organization is assessed in small parts, by reports of financial success and conformity, and partly by meeting the prospects of its stakeholders. Therefore, the stakeholders give the organization the challenge of working extra hard in order to meet their expectations as well as those of the organization An organization’s success is important to its stakeholders hence the

City of God Analysis

City of God Analysis The films studied for this essay City of God (2002) and Favela Rising (2006) have taken favelas from the marginality of Brazilian society and transported them into the consciousness of the international public. Favelas have become a cultural icon of Rio de Janeiro, as famous as the postcard images of Copacabana beach and the statue of Christ the Redeemer on Corcovado mountain. Since 1992 tourists have been able to sign up for â€Å"favelatourâ€Å" and see first hand the favela of Rocinha via one of the multiple tourism agencies competing for business in what has become one of Rios most popular tours. [1] City of God Fernando Meirelles film City of God (2002) is based on the Brazilian novel of the same name by Paulo Lins (1996). City of God (Cidade de Deus) is the name of the favela where Lins grew up, and the novel is based on a true story taken from interviews and research conducted by Lins in the favela over a period of 8 years regarding the state of drug trafficking and gang warfare. The film has attracted much critical acclaim due to its confrontation of the issues within the favela as well as the gritty realism with which it was shot and unabashed depiction of violence within the favela. The film is narrated by one of two central characters, Rocket, and tells the story of the lives of himself and Lil Ze, children who grew up in the Cidade de Deus in similar circumstances yet who chose separate pathways in life. In the film the character Rocket symbolises hope, as he dreams of becoming a photographer, and this is used as a vehicle within the film to portray imagery of the favela to both the media in Rio de Janeiro within the story, and to the viewer. Lil Ze is a child with the taste for crime that grows up to be the favelas most powerful and notorious drug dealer. The lives of the two are intertwined and ironically Rockets dreams of becoming a photographer are realised through his access to life in the favela and his depiction of the crimes perpetrated by Lil Ze and his gang. The films opening and closing sequence include a 360 degree rotational shot of Rocket in the centre of a face off between the gangsters and the police, unsure of where to turn. This is symbolic of the story of the film in that his life can take one of either direction. The narrative is then broken down into a series of vignettes which tell the story of the favela and the central characters, and ultimately which path Rocket decides to take. I argue that this film was imperative in raising awareness of both the existence of as well as the issues within the favelas in Rio de Janeiro, and was one of the first cultural representations to emerge from Brazil to show the darker side of the city and an alternate reality to what is commonly perceived about Rio, that is postcard images of beaches, sunsets and samba. Via this cultural vehicle I argue that it was possible to begin to conduct businesses in the city such as favela tour and favela party due to interest from foreigners in seeing and experiencing a slice of life in the favelas. Which raises the question: Did this film glorify life in the favelas, or did it depict a realistic perspective of reality? How has consciousness raising of the foreign public since affected the inhabitants of these urban spaces and has this effect been positive or negative? I argue that one of the key strengths of the film is realism. The actors are amateurs recruited from the favelas, and the central character Rocket (Alexandre Rodrigues) is from the Cidade de Deus favela itself, which lends authenticity and personal perspective to the characters. The film was shot inside a real favela rather than a film set, taking the viewer directly into the urban space of favela inhabitants. There are several key themes in the film which I will outline below and which raise points of discussion related to the reality of life for favela inhabitants. Alongside the theme of choice, the film raises the questions of what options children who grow up in this environment have for survival. One of the most shocking and criticised features of the film is its portrayal of violence executed by young children in the favela. The characters The Runts are a group of children in the favela aged younger than 8 who view crime and becoming part of a drugs ring the only option for their future. Their youth is emphasised in a scene where they are discussing wanting to take over the most powerful drugs ring in the favela whilst sat in a fenced off cubicle which could be likened to a childrens playpen. This scene culminates in possibly the most memorable and shocking scene in the film, where a child wishing to be initiated into Lil Zes gang is forced to decide between which two children from t he Runts he wants to shoot and kill. We are faced with his indecision coupled with his detachment from the situation he is placed in. One of the children whose life is being decided bursts into tears, and with a close-up shot of his face we are immediately drawn to his extreme fear of the situation he is in, as well as his age, which could not be more than 5 years old. The child character who pulls the trigger. Steak and Frites, is later depicted in the house of the rival gang being questioned as to why he wants to be involved in the gang warfare, and says: â€Å"I smoke, I snort. I have killed and robbed. Im a manâ€Å". At the termination of the film when the Runts have murdered Ze and are discussing how they will take over his business and become the leaders of the favela, their lack of education is highlighted when one of the group asks for the purposes of creating a hit list of those they intend to murder who here knows how to write? and one of them responds a little. Either these children have had no access to education, or more concerned with their survival in the favela consider schooling to be an unnecessary part of life. An important aspect of the manner in which the film is shot, and a characteristic for which the film has received much criticism, is that of detachment. How the viewer feels towards the acts of violence and the characters they are enacted upon is a metaphor for how society in Rio de Janeiro feels towards the favelas- unemotional, detached, separate. That what happens inside the favela is their own business and does not affect those who live outside. The majority of characters in the film are presented in a one dimensional manner and are not depicted displaying emotion. Thus when they are murdered they become another number of the large headcount in the film. Characters are filmed from a distance and the lack of facial close-ups imbues the viewer with this sense of emotional detachment. The one exception to this is portrayal of the gangster Benny, Lil Zes best friend, who decides he wants a life outside of crime and the favela. We view him preventing Ze from shooting those who owe him money, his kindness in letting people out of debts owed to him, his desire to give Rocket a camera to pursue his dreams, and intimate scenes with his girlfriend. When Benny is killed by an addict and thus prevented from leaving the favela we are confronted with the only moment of remorse in the film; this is the only moment where Ze shows emotion, where the camera shots linger at the scene of the death, and where the viewer is in a sense instructed to feel grief for his loss. His death is also paramount in depicting the difficulty of trying to be a good character within or trying to leave the life of the favela. The final key theme of the film I would like to discuss is that of police corruption in Rio, which is clearly depicted in the film as integral to the survival of drug rings and proliferation of access to weapons. At the climax of the film when the two rival druglords Lil Ze and Carrot are captured by police, we witness two important events: Carrot is kept in custody by the police who say he will be a present for the media, whereas Ze is let go and through Rockets camera lens we see that police have been providing him with weapons and drugs in return for money. Favela Rising On August 30th 1993, a group of approximately 30 masked officers from Brazils Policia Militar entered the favela Vigario Geral and using machine guns and hand grenades killed 21 residents, including 8 members of an evangelical Christian family inside their home (NYT 1993). Henceforth known as the Vigario Geral Massacre, this was said to be in revenge for the murder of four policemen at the hands of the Comando Vermelho drug faction several days earlier. Day to day life within favelas is often referred to as wartime in a country officially at peace. Residents are accustomed to daily gun battles and being under the control of the armed drug factions. Police corruption is viewed by many as the prime reason this war is able to take place. As depicted in City of God and Favela Rising, and as told by favela residents under interview, Brazils military police provide the weapons to drug factions, and facilitate the trafficking of drugs in and out of the favelas. A 1993 robbery of an armoured van in Sao Paolo perpetrated by members of Comando Vermelho was found to have been possible using metal piercing bullets from automatic weapons legally available only to the Policia Militar. (NYT 1993). The documentary XXXX shows film footage of police transporting weapons into the favela. Violence within a Political Democracy Brazils military dictatorship ended in 1985 after 20 years of rule, however under the democracy many Brazilians feel less safe. (Caldeira) Since democratic rule, police violence has reached critical levels and events indicate serious degradation of democracy, with high levels of violent crime, police crimes against citizens, and human rights abuses a regular occurrence. Public space in Rio de Janeiro is often characterised by assaults of different types, muggings, and general lawlessness, creating a culture of fear and suspicion (Caldeira). Policies attempting to bring violence under control, such as Operaà §Ãƒ £o Rio in 1994 where military police were sent into the city on a mass scale, are replacing democratic initiatives at state level with assertion of civil order in an episodic manner. Public opinion polls found general support for the operation, with a general attitude that suspected criminals should not be subject to the same human rights conventions as normal citizens (Calde ira). Violence against civilians in favelas should also be considered a failure of democracy to protect their rights. Violence towards favela inhabitants can be seen as the result of a mixture of public attitudes towards criminal activity and middle and upper class attitudes towards favela inhabitants coupled with a police system which effectively serves only the elite. Public attitude plays a large role in the politics of policing and providing assistance (or lack thereof) to favelas. Volunteer worker XXXX in the film Bus 174 spoke of the public opinion polls in relation to the police shooting of 8 street children at Candelaria, where people said the shootings were a positive event, and that â€Å"society needs to be cleaned of this dirtâ€Å". **QUOTE CALDEIRA HOLSTON P699 CRIMINALISATION OF THE POOR*** ***ALSO ALTERNATIVE JUSTICE IN FAVELAS P713*** Development of Brazils Urban Spaces Industrialisation in Brazil began in the early 20th century and has always had significant links with urbanisation, directly influencing the composition and evolvement of the urban network. The primary urban centres of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paolo received the largest amounts of investment during the course of Brazils economic development, resulting in mass amounts of migration from rural areas. The National Census in the year 2000 (IGBE) documented 82% of Brazils 174 million residents live in cities. Furthermore, 80% of the total population live in 25% of the municipalities, indicating strong spatial concentration. (Xavier). Despite being one of the more important economic centres of Brazil (together with Sao Paolo constituting 20% of Brazils GDP (Acioly) ) the metropolitan region of Rio De Janeiro is marked by discernible social and wealth disparities between inhabitants. The needs of low income families unable to afford rent and living in favelas and cheap land on the periphery of the city mean continuous large volumes of transit of inhabitants between the periphery and the centre, where they have access to employment and services, creating severe socio-spatial stratification at the metropolitan level. In the 1990s, confronted with increasing social tensions and the recession of the entire country, favelas and low rent land became the focus of violence, with drug trafficking establishing a power parallel to official local controls, to the detriment of municipal regulations and law. The residents associations (AMs) which were very active in the 1980s fell under continuous intimidation and fear, and were often physically in the centre of shoot-outs between gangs and police. History of Favelas in Rio The Portuguese founded Rio de Janeiro in 1565 and by the end of the 16th century the hilled regions of the city were already substantially populated. Swamplands surrounding the hills were drained and soon also attracted settlers. Until the late 18th century the primary crop of the economy was sugarcane grown on the peripheries of Rio, which greatly influenced the spatial structure of the city. (Xavier). Following the relocation of the Portuguese Royal family to Rio in 1808 and the naming of Rio as the capital of Brazil, the population increased 25%, 50% of whom were slaves. (Xavier). There was a need for construction of housing for the higher income migrants and Portuguese nobility, with houses built closer to the periphery of the city, shaping the beginning of the patterns of segregation in Rio as rich and poor lived separately and in greatly different standards of housing yet within the same city centre. In 1888 slavery was abolished and freed workers from the coffee plantations migrated in large numbers to Rio. The word favela originated in the first low income residence to be constructed in the city centre, named Morro da Providà ªncia and later â€Å"Morro da Favelaâ€Å" by residents who were primarily ex soldiers and ex-slaves whom were not capable of integration into the citys economy. (Xavier). Government initiatives to modernise Rio led to large low income residential areas including those on hillsides being demolished, displacing predominantly the citys poor and forcing them further to the peripheries to resettle. By definition a favela is a squatter settlement, usually self-built by its inhabitants illegally on land lacking any infrastructure and without any urban plan for its development. The last official estimate for the number of favelas in Rio de Janeiro was 605 (PCRJ, IPP) but unofficial estimates read that 100 more have arisen since then. The typical location of favela construction is hillside areas, though in the 21st century they have increasingly been built in swampy land areas such as near the higher income Barra de Tijuca expansion zone. (Xavier 8) Rios first urban plan was developed in the late 1920s, named Plan Agache, following a segregated functionalist principle to organise the city (Xavier). In this plan the southern beachside areas of Ipanema, Leblon and Gavea were reserved for the upper classes, while the working classes were relegated to the suburbs, and the first plans for total eradication of the favelas were made. This was the first official document to describe favelas as a problem which must be eradicated; they were viewed as an epidemic which was blighting the most expensive land in Rio. As a result of this first urban plan dividing lower, middle and upper classes into distinct sections of the city, the only option left for the poor who did not fit these categories was to move into squatter settlements, either on the city outskirts or in dangerous and therefore undesirable locations such as steep hillsides. Alongside the explosive population growth and industrialisation of the following decades, Rios transport an d housing systems were unable to cope with the rise in migrants to the city, leading to the increasing spread of favelas into the city centre into environmentally fragile areas such as the hillsides separating the upper class suburbs. Living conditions in Rio display exceptionally poor distribution, demonstrated by the discrepancies in living conditions between the rich and the poor. There is a high level of socio-spatial inequality, with income being concentrated in a miniscule proportion of the population; the poorest 50% of Rios population earn only 13% of its income, while 12% of income is earned by the richest 1%. (IPEA). The social inequality prevalent in Rio de Janeiro is not applicable only to the physical make-up of the city but in the social configuration. Those located in the periphery in a physical sense are not only spatially remote; even when located in the centre of the city nest to a high income suburb, the favelas are in contrast with the â€Å"formal cityâ€Å". (Xavier). This inequality resonates in the difficult quotidianity of life for favela residents, who constitute 17% of Rios 5.8 million residents according to the 2000 census (IGBE). Segregation Telles (1995) in his study of the structural sources of socioeconomic segregation in Brazilian metropolitan areas concludes that the extent of urbanisation and predominantly population size is the key to understanding socioeconomic spatial inequalities in Brazil, and explains the majority of variations in segregation between different metropolitan areas. In dividing up income and race groups in Rio de Janeiro based on data from the 1980 census of Brazil it can be clearly seen that there is the smallest proportion of non-white households in the largest income group, and this percentage grows proportionately as the income levels are lowered. Due to issues of race and class being strongly correlated in Brazil, segregation (found to be largest between Rios lower and middle classes) becomes racialised. Thus racial segregation is partially ascertained by the higher numbers of non-whites in poorer socio-economic groups. However in the specific case of Rio, Telles finds class identities to b e stronger than racial identities, and this is explained by Rios particular spatial factors, for example the idiosyncratic mountainous landscape which played a part in the formation of Rios favelas. Bibliography Xavier, Helia Nacif Magalhaes, Fernanda (2003) Urban Slums Report: The Case of Rio de Janeiro Understanding Slums: Case Studies for the Global Report on Human Settlements UN IPEA/PCRJ/PNUD (2000), Relatà ³rio de Desenvolvimento Urbano A distribuià §Ãƒ £o de renda na cidade do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, RJ Prefeitura da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro PCRJ, IPP (2000) Anuà ¡rio Estatà ­stico da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro 1998, Instituto Pereira Passos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Website: http://www.armazemdedados.rio.rj.gov.br News Articles Brooke, James: 21 Shot dead in Rio Slum; Policemen are Suspected New York Times Section A p3 Column 1 August 30 1993 www.favelatour.com.br

First Investments, Inc. Essay

Basic Industries is a diversified multinational corporation with major shares in various electric related markets. There is stock that has been held since the early 1980s and we have been asked to analyze and evaluate the past 10 years of data to either sell or continue holding the shares. We have also been asked to closely compare years 1993-1994 and not include the strike years 1989-1990. Through my analysis, I found that Basic Industries should hold on to the stocks. This can be backed up with several ratios and analysis for it, like the following: Equity turnover is the highest during 1994, following the trend in increase. If this continues then the company will keep producing more and more revenue with the investments. Asset turnover is also the highest in 1994, and also if this continues (which according the trend it should) there will be a bigger increase in the  reflection of the total assets being efficiently used to produce revenues. Lastly the equity multiplier is showing its highest value in year 1994. Reflecting the increase in how efficiently shareholders’ equity is being used to make assets. All the ratios above come from the DuPont formula, the formula that is used to find Return on Equity. So in theory ROE should be at its highest during the year of 1994. This is not the case due to the decrease in net income and profit margin. This decrease can be best explained by the increase in the interest expense ratio, causing the yearly interest expense to be higher and higher. From our net income sheet, we can see that when there are more expenses, there is less net income – ultimately leading to a drop in Equity. Return on Equity will take a hit from this higher interest expense each year. If the company wants to increase ROE again with good quality, they must continue to hold the investments to produce more revenue and ultimately assets as well. However, they must decrease the interest expense rate by either paying off debt or refinancing their short-term and long term debt. These two decisions will surely reflect an increase in ROE again, unless there is another strike or major economy crash. INTRODUCTION We have been asked to solve the assignment given to Fred Aldrich, which is analyzing the data of Basic Industries for the past ten years and making investment recommendations. Basic Industries is a global corporation that holds shares in various electrical related markets. The most recent annual report – 1994, shows a decline in the return on owners’ equity. This has some investors worried and they want him to figure out how the return on equity has been achieved in the past ten years. Fred has been suggested to forget the years 1989-1990 since there were strikes and the data wouldn’t be as comparable to other years. He has also been suggested to focus on the analysis for key financial ratios and direct  comparison between years 1993-1994, the most recent years. We have to focus on the quality of the company’s earning since the investors place an emphasis for it. Our end recommendation should be whether or not we hold on to the stocks because they are generating healthy equity. The first thing to do was calculate some key financial ratios for all eight years to be able to get a grasp on the trends for equity. Second, is to go more in depth analysis between years 1993-1994 to see why there is a drop in equity. After valuation, we should be able to determine whether or not the drop on equity was due to the stock investments or maybe it was due to something else. Lastly, calculating the quality of earnings will be a key factor for deciding whether or not to keep the stocks – but maybe change something else within the company to raise return on equity again. ANALYSIS AND CALCULATIONS Below are all the ratios and percentages used to support the analysis: From the calculations above, we can conclude that Return on Equity has a smooth trend over the eight years. Return on Equity is lower in the year 1994, which is why investors are worried. But this can be explained with some other ratios. The reason why ROE (Return on Equity) is lower in 1994 is because of the operating profit being lower as well, the year 1992 had the highest operating profit margin and then it started slowly dropping. Equity turnover has slowly being increasing throughout the years; this is a good sign. It means that the company has been producing more and more revenue with the investment – in this case all the shares in the various electrical related markets. Another good sign for the investment is the asset turnover ratio increasing throughout the years. This reflects that the assets are being efficiently used in the production of revenues. So far, we can conclude that the company is allocating assets in the right manners to produce the maximum revenues possible, and we know that the investment has also being increasing its turnover ratio. Lastly, the equity multiplier is showing an increase through the years; reflecting how efficient  shareholders’ equity is being used to create assets. So, why is ROE lower in 1994 if the ratios above show otherwise? This is because the interest expense has been increasing year by year; this decreases the quality of earnings since there is more interest being paid for long-term and short-term debt. Even though the company is paying more money, they are getting into more debt and paying high interest rates for such that ultimately reduces net income and therefore reduces ROE. After analyzing the decreasing tax rate, we can say that interest expense and its ratio has also being increasing.